4G LTE network

Introduction to the 4G LTE network

Definition

LTE (Long Term Evolution) is a mobile communications technology that has marked a major advance in the development of broadband networks. Designed to offer faster connectivity and more efficient data transmission, this standard enables mobiles and connected objects to benefit from optimized access to digital services.

The 4G LTE network, designated as an evolution of 3G technology, is based on standards that improve connection speed and latency. Thanks to its advanced architecture and exploitation of multiple frequency bands, it has achieved fiber-optic-like performance for wireless connections. Today, 4G LTE continues to play a key role in mobile infrastructures and is an essential step towards 5G technology.

History

Since the first 2G networks were launched in the 1990s, mobile infrastructures have undergone successive advances, with 3G and then 4G LTE. The latter has enabled a significant leap forward, offering much higher data rates than previous generations.

The introduction of 4G LTE has thus transformed internet usage on smartphones and other connected devices, making high-definition streaming, higher-quality video calls and smoother browsing possible. However, with the growing demand for connectivity, the transition to 5G is becoming necessary to meet the new needs and network challenges of the future.

4G LTE technical specifications

Speed and latency

In terms of performance, it enables download speeds of up to several hundred megabits per second. This enhancement has made it possible to deliver optimum quality of service for video streaming, online gaming and data-intensive applications.

Thanks to this evolution, operators have been able to offer high-performance mobile broadband packages, guaranteeing a smooth user experience, even in densely populated areas.

Underlying technologies

The 4G LTE network is based on several technological innovations enabling more efficient data transmission:

• OFDM: this technology spreads the signal over several frequency bands, making the connection more robust against interference.
• MIMO: this system uses multiple antennas to maximize throughput and connection reliability, offering more optimized coverage and better management of infrastructure costs.

Applications and uses of the 4G LTE network

Use cases

The 4G LTE network has transformed many sectors by offering fast, reliable connectivity. In entertainment, it enables high-definition streaming and online gaming without excessive latency.

For businesses, it facilitates access to cloud services and unified communications. The Internet of Things also benefits from the 4G LTE network, ensuring stable connectivity for connected vehicles, medical devices and smart infrastructures.

Impact on users

Users enjoy an enhanced digital experience on their phones and smartphones. The quality of voice and video calls is significantly improved, while web browsing is smoother, even in dense urban areas. By ensuring wider coverage and efficient data management, this technology has made high-performance mobile connectivity accessible to all.

Challenges and limitations of the 4G LTE network

Coverage and infrastructure

Although the 4G LTE network has significantly improved mobile connectivity, challenges remain in terms of coverage and infrastructure. In some rural and remote areas, broadband access remains limited due to high deployment costs and a lack of suitable infrastructure. Operators must continually invest to extend the reach of the 4G LTE network and guarantee a homogeneous service throughout the territory.

Transition to 5G

The 4G LTE network has played a key role in the evolution of mobile networks, but its limitations are becoming apparent in the face of growing data demand and the rise of connected applications. 5G technology is therefore essential to meet these new needs.

The transition is underway, with gradual integration designed to complement and replace the 4G LTE network for the most demanding uses.

Orange 5G Lab’s role in network evolution

Business support

Orange 5G Lab supports businesses in adopting new mobile technologies by providing a testing and experimentation environment.

Thanks to advanced infrastructures, Orange enables professionals to better understand the 4G LTE network and anticipate the transition to 5G. This support helps businesses optimize their uses and adapt their services to market developments.

Innovation and experimentation

Orange 5G Lab plays a key role in the evolution of networks, facilitating the use of new solutions based on mobile connectivity. By testing innovative services and exploring 4G LTE and 5G network performance, we are helping to ensure a smooth transition to the technologies of the future. This experimental approach helps to improve the quality of mobile services and anticipate user needs.

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